The Muscle Maximizer

Scientific References:

1. Rona, RJ. Agreement between body mass index, waist circumference and skin-fold thickness in the United Kingdom Army. Annals of Human Biology, Amy-June 2011; 38(3):257-264

2. Niskanen L, Laaksonen DE, Punnonen K, Mustajoki P, Kaukua J, Ris-sanen A. Changes in sex hormone-binding globulin and testosterone during weight loss and weight maintenance in abdominally obese men with the metabolic syndrome. Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2004 May;6(3):208-15.

3. Thomas G. Travison, Andre B. Araujo, Amy B. O'Donnell, Varant Ku-pelian, and John B. McKinlay. A Population-Level Decline in Serum Tes-tosterone Levels in American Men. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 92(1):196 –202.

4. Andre B. Araujo, Julia M. Dixon, Elizabeth A. Suarez, M. Hassan Murad, Lin T. Guey, and Gary A. Wittert. Endogenous Testosterone and Mortali-ty in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Clini-cal Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). Volume 96 Issue 10 - October 1, 2011.

5. Susan A. Hall, Gretchen R. Esche, Andre B. Araujo, Thomas G. Travi-son, Richard V. Clark, Rachel E. Williams, and John B. McKinlay. Corre-lates of Low Testosterone and Symptomatic Androgen Deficiency in a Population-Based Sample. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Oct 2008; 93(10): 3870–3877. Published online Jul 9, 2008.

6. Garnett SP. Waist-to-height ratio: a simple option for determining excess central adiposity in young people. International Journal of Obesity 32(2008): 1028-1030

7. McCreary DR, Karvinen K, Davis C. The relationship between the drive for muscularity and anthropometric measures of muscularity and adi-posity. Body Image. 2006 Jun;3(2):145-52.

8. Fui MN . Lowered testosterone in male obesity: mechanisms, morbidity and management. Asian J Androl. 2014 Mar-Apr;16(2):223-31

9. Derby CA. Body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio and change in sex steroid hormones: the Massachusetts Male Ageing Study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2006 Jul;65(1):125-31

10. Prado CM Body composition phenotypes and obesity paradox. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2015 Nov;18(6):535-51.

11. Lavender JM Mindfulness, body image, and drive for muscularity in men. Body Image. 2012 Mar;9(2):289-92.

12. Traish AM. Adverse health effects of testosterone deficiency (TD) in men. Steroids. 2014 Oct;88:106-16

13. Serrano SE, Braun J, Trasande L, Dills R, Sathyanarayana S. Phthalates and diet: a review of the food monitoring and epidemiology data. Environ Health. 2014 Jun 2;13(1):43.

14. Habito RC, Montalto J, Leslie E, Ball MJ (2000) Effects of replacing meat with soyabean in the diet on sex hormone concentrations in healthy adult males. Br J Nutr 84:557–563.

15. Rochester JR. Bisphenol A and human health: a review of the literature. Reprod Toxicol. 2013 Dec;42:132-55.

16. Specht IO, Toft G, Hougaard KS, Lindh CH, Lenters V, Jönsson BA, Heederik D, Giwercman A, Bonde JP. Associations between serum phthalates and biomarkers of reproductive function in 589 adult men. Environ Int. 2014 May;66:146-56.

17. Caronia LM, Dwyer AA, Hayden D, Amati F, Pitteloud N, Hayes FJ. Ab-rupt Decrease in Serum Testosterone Levels After an Oral Glucose Load in Men: Implications for Screening for Hypogonadism. Clin Endo-crinol (Oxf). 2013 Feb;78(2):291-6

18. Hämäläinen E, Adlercreutz H, Puska P, Pietinen P. Diet and serum sex hormones in healthy men. J Steroid Biochem. 1984 Jan;20(1):459-64.

19. Michnovicz JJ, Adlercreutz H, Bradlow HL. Changes in levels of uri-nary estrogen metabolites after oral indole-3-carbinol treatment in hu-mans. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 May 21;89(10):718-23.

20. Michael Zitzmann - Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University of Münster, Münster D-48129, Germany. Effects of testosterone re-placement and its pharmacogenetics on physical performance and me-tabolism.

21. Isidori AM, Giannetta E, Greco EA, Gianfrilli D, Bonifacio V, Isidori A, Lenzi A, Fabbri A. Effects of testosterone on body composition, bone metabolism and serum lipid profile in middle-aged men: a meta-analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Sep;63(3):280-93.

22. Wankhede S et al. Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supple-mentation on muscle strength and recovery: a randomized controlled tri-al. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015 Nov 25;12:43. doi: 10.1186/s12970-015-0104-9. eCollection 2015.

23. Eng, E et al. Suppression of Estrogen Biosynthesis by Procyanidin Dimers in Red Wine and Grape Seeds. Cancer Research. 2003 Dec; 63:8516-8522.

24. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Jun;963:239-46. Anti-aromatase chemi-cals in red wine. Eng ET1, Williams D, Mandava U, Kirma N, Tekmal RR, Chen S

25. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2001 May;67(2):133-46. Suppression of aromatase (estrogen synthetase) by red wine phytochemicals. Eng ET1, Williams D, Mandava U, Kirma N, Tekmal RR, Chen S.

26. Qureshi A et al. A Systematic Review on the Herbal Extract Tribu-lus terrestris and the Roots of its Putative Aphrodisiac and Performance Enhancing Effect. J Diet Suppl. 2014 Mar;11(1):64-79. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2014.887602.

27. United States Patent number: 8,852,631

28. Junghyo Jo, Oksana Gavrilova, Stephanie Pack,William Jou, Shawn Mullen, Anne E. Sumner, Samuel W. Cushman, and Vipul Periwal. Hypertrophy and/or Hyperplasia: Dynamics of Adipose Tissue Growth. PLoS Comput Biol. 2009 Mar; 5(3): e1000324.

29. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, MD. The Medical Risks of Obesity. Postgrad Med. 2009 Nov; 121(6): 21–33.

30. Cuthbertson DJ, Steele T, Wilding JP, Halford JC, Harrold JA, Hamer M, Karpe F. What have human experimental overfeeding studies taught us about adipose tissue expansion and susceptibility to obesity and metabolic complications? International Journal of Obesity, 2005. Epub 2017 Jan 12.

31. Horton TJ, Drougas H, Brachey A, Reed GW, Peters JC, Hill JO. Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans: different effects on energy storage. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1995 Jul;62(1):19-29.

32. Valerie Lemaine, MD, MPH, FRCSC, Cenk Cayci, MD, Patricia S. Simmons, MD, and Paul Petty, MD. Gynecomastia in Adolescent Males. Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2013 Feb; 27(1): 56–61.

33. Esposito K1, Giugliano D. Obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and sexual dysfunction. International Journal of Impotence Research. 2005 Sep-Oct;17(5):391-8.